The relative importance of knowledge of threshold on population density with reference to infectious disease such as COVID-19 is important for the future of modern cities and urban landscapes in the USA, given about 71% of the population reside in urbanized areas with an average density of 2534 persons per square mile ( ). However, thresholds of population density relative to the outbreak of the disease in humans remains unknown. As with all airborne respiratory infectious diseases, the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is high in densely populated urban regions of the world ( Cruickshank, 1939 Robinson, Stilianakis, & Drossinos, 2012). An emerging disciplinary consensus is that seasonal variation may lead to cyclical outbreaks in the human population( Carlson, Gomez, Bansal, & Ryan, 2020 Merow & Urban, 2020). The SARS-CoV-2 virus remains highly infectious and is circulating in the human population at an alarming rate with anticipated variants in near future. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 thereafter) is a respiratory lung infection, and as of April 28, 2021, there have been more than 148 million (WHO COVID-19 Dashboard, ) confirmed human cases in the world.
While threshold on population density is not the sole indicator for predictability of coronavirus in human population, yet it is one of the key variables on understanding and rethinking human settlement in urban landscapes. 4% of US counties were at 50% or higher risk of COVID-19 transmission. Since case numbers of COVID-19 dynamically changed each day until November 30, 2020, ca. Regions with population densities greater than 3000 person per square mile in the United States have about 95% likelihood to get infected with COVID-19. Here, using logistic regression techniques, estimates of threshold levels of population density were computed corresponding to the incidence in the human population. However, empirical observations suggest that dense human settlements are the most adversely impacted, corroborating a broad consensus that human-to-human transmission is a key mechanism for the rapid spread of this disease.
Pathways of transmission of coronavirus (COVID-19) disease in the human population are still emerging.
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